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Hypertension

Symptoms of hypertension

The pathology of the cardiovascular system characterized by high blood pressure is called hypertension.This disease is treated by cardiologists, therapists, neurologists and neurologists.

Hypertension or essential hypertension is a persistent increase in blood pressure.Exercise, stress and other conditions in which the cardiovascular system adapts, a temporary increase in blood pressure is observed in people.A person suffering from hypertension experiences a constant increase in blood pressure.Doctors include headache, shortness of breath, chest pain and chest pain and palpability in the temples as characteristic symptoms of pathology.Without treatment, chronic hypertension can be complicated by diseases of the heart, kidneys, brain and other organs.

This disease is treated: a cardiologist and a therapist

Blood pressure is caused by the movement of blood through blood vessels.At the moment of contraction of the heart, pressure increases (systolic index) and blood pressure decreases at the moment of organ relaxation (diastolic index).Hypertension is one of the most common disorders of the cardiovascular system.This can be an independent pathology or the result of diseases of the kidneys, adrenal glands and other organs.Hypertension is most commonly diagnosed in men and women over the age of 65.

Symptoms of hypertension

Manifestations of hypertension depend on the degree of increase in blood pressure and the cause of the pathology.Changes in blood pressure can have a negative effect on any organ, but patients primarily experience disorders of the nervous system and kidneys.In people suffering from hypertension, occasional increased pressure and unpleasant symptoms disappear.

Symptoms and signs:

  • Dizziness and headache;
  • Sensation of pumping in various parts of the body, such as the back of the head and temples;
  • The feeling of "fog in the head", reduced visual acuity;
  • Tinnitus and loud heartbeat;
  • Insomnia and fatigue;
  • Loss of appetite and nausea;
  • Oppressive pain in the chest;
  • Shortness of breath at rest and during light physical activity;
  • Increased sweating;
  • Flushed face;
  • Swelling of hands and face.

Other symptoms depend on the causes and complications of hypertension.These can be signs of brain dysfunction, visual impairment or pathology of another organ.

Causes of hypertension

Cardiologists distinguish between secondary hypertension, secondary hypertension, which is detected in most cases and occurs as a complication of other diseases.Doctors include obesity, chronic stress, unfavorable heredity, atherosclerosis, bad habits and poor diet as risk factors for the development of the disease.Increased blood pressure can occur due to vasoconstriction, dysregulation of the cardiovascular system, hormonal changes and other factors.

Other reasons:

  • Diseases of the kidneys and adrenal glands.The functions of these organs play an important role in the regulation of the cardiovascular system.Secondary hypertension can develop against the background of chronic pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, adrenal tumor and other pathologies;
  • Thyroid diseases.This organ secretes hormones necessary to regulate the body's activity;
  • Metabolic and blood diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis;
  • Chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases;
  • Hereditary factors causing dysfunction of the cardiovascular system;
  • Pathologies of the female reproductive system complicated by hormonal imbalance.

Determining the cause of secondary hypertension is very important for treatment.

Consult

If you experience these symptoms, we recommend that you make an appointment with your doctor.Timely consultation will prevent negative consequences for your health. 

Why choose a professional clinic?

  1. Treatment is carried out according to clinical guidelines
  2. Comprehensive assessment of the nature of the disease and treatment prognosis
  3. Modern diagnostic equipment and our own laboratory
  4. High level of service and balanced price policy

Diagnosis of hypertension in a modern clinic

If symptoms of hypertension appear, you should make an appointment with a cardiologist.The clinical doctor examines and examines the anamnestic data of the patient in detail to determine the risk factors for the disease.Then a general examination, a general examination, including a general examination, listening to the heart (auscultation) and measuring blood pressure using a tonometer.The cardiologist confirms the presence of pathology as 150 mm by history, external signs, as well as repeated detection of systolic pressure.rt.Art.and diastolic pressure above 95 mm.rt.Art.After that, the doctor conducts additional studies to determine the cause and form of the disease.

Used diagnostic methods:

  • Dynamic measurement of blood pressure, which allows to exclude situational (natural) hypertension.The doctor takes blood pressure measurements in a quiet environment.You should avoid physical activity, smoking, alcohol and certain medications before this test.Cardiologist, a tonometer cuff measures pressures 2.5 cm above the elbow.For comfort, the patient can take a lying or standing position.The study is conducted at intervals of 2-5 minutes to obtain several indicators and determine the average blood pressure level;
  • General and biochemical blood test.The cardiologist makes a request to the patient to find out the factors of hypertension for this work.In the treatment room, the nurse treats the patient's antecubital fossa with an antiseptic, draws blood using a syringe from the arm in the shoulder region.In the laboratory, specialists determine the levels of lipids, creatinine, hormones, glucose and potassium in a blood sample.The ratio and amount of blood cells are also determined;
  • Urinalysis.The doctor explains to the patient when and when to fill a sterile container with urine.Urine test in the laboratory allows to assess the effectiveness of kidney filtration and to identify inflammatory diseases of the excretory system;
  • Electrocardiography is the study of the electrical activity of the heart, which is the study of someone's electrical activity that allows us to detect the causes and symptoms of disease.During the procedure, the doctor asks the patient to lie on his back and attach sensors (electrodes) to different parts of the body.Then the cardiogram is collected and decoded;
  • Ultrasound examination of the heart is the safest way to detect pathological changes in the heart, such as thickening of the heart walls.The doctor asks the patient to lie on his back and presses the sensor against the skin to get an image of the heart on the monitor.

The professional modern clinic has a laboratory that allows doctors to carry out modern research and obtain reliable diagnostic results.If necessary, the cardiologist prescribes a study of the brain, kidneys and other organs affected by high blood pressure.

Treatment of hypertension

During treatment, the cardiologist of the clinic pays attention to the diagnostic results and the patient's condition.An individual treatment regimen is aimed at normalizing the activity of the cardiovascular system, eliminating the symptoms of hypertension and preventing dangerous complications.In addition to drug therapy, the cardiologist must prescribe a necessary diet to improve the functioning of blood vessels and kidneys.Compliance with the prescriptions of professionals helps to significantly improve the quality of life.

Treatment methods for hypertension:

  • Prescription of thiazide diuretics.These are diuretics that stimulate the kidneys to remove more fluid from the body.The doctor prescribes these drugs to relieve swelling and normalize blood pressure;
  • Ace inhibitors prescription.These drugs are used to suppress vasoconstrictors and lower blood pressure.In addition, these drugs are prescribed to treat the underlying cause of hypertension associated with kidney disease;
  • Use of angiotensin II receptor antagonists.A cardiologist prescribes these drugs to impair the activity of factors that restrict blood vessels;
  • Use of calcium channel blockers.These drugs relax the muscles of the vascular walls and reduce the heart rate, thereby reducing blood pressure;
  • Use of alpha and beta blockers.If necessary, the heart rate determines drugs from these groups to reduce the heart rate, lighten the load on the heart and dilate blood vessels;
  • Use of aldosterone antagonists.The main effect of these drugs is to improve kidney function by increasing the excretion of fluid and salt.Due to this effect, achieving a decrease in blood pressure;
  • Prescribe additional drug therapy, including renin inhibitors, lipid-lowering drugs, sedatives and vasodilators.

When prescribing an individual treatment regimen, the cardiologist of the clinic takes into account modern standards for the treatment of hypertension.To monitor the treatment, the doctor regularly prescribes laboratory and instrumental examinations.Endocrinologists, nutritionists and other doctors prescribe additional methods of hypertension treatment if necessary.

Prevention of hypertension

The development of dangerous cardiovascular diseases can be prevented through lifestyle changes and other preventive measures.

Prevention methods:

  • Avoiding your diet, including fatty, very salty and fried foods;
  • Quitting alcohol and smoking;
  • Reducing body weight and regular physical activity;
  • Timely treatment of diseases of the kidneys and endocrine organs.

A consultation with a cardiologist will help to choose an individual prevention regimen and undergo an examination to detect risk factors for hypertension.